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How to Recognize the Difference Between Seasonal Allergies and Winter Colds in Kids

January 20, 2025

How to Recognize the Difference Between Seasonal Allergies and Winter Colds

As a parent, it’s often tricky to tell whether your child’s symptoms are due to a common cold or seasonal allergies, especially during the winter months when the signs can be similar. Knowing the key differences can help you provide the proper care for your child and get them back to feeling their best. Here’s a guide to help you figure it out.

Typical Symptoms of a Cold

Colds are caused by viruses and are highly contagious. Symptoms usually appear gradually and may include:

  • A stuffy or runny nose (often with yellow or green mucus later on)
  • A sore throat
  • A persistent cough
  • Low-grade fever
  • General fatigue
  • Sneezing

Colds tend to clear up within 7-10 days. Since colds are viral, antibiotics won’t help. Rest, hydration, and some over-the-counter remedies recommended by your pediatrician can ease the discomfort.

Symptoms That Suggest Allergies

Seasonal allergies, or allergic rhinitis, occur when the immune system overreacts to things like pollen, dust mites, or mold. These symptoms are usually consistent and include:

  • A runny nose with clear discharge
  • Sneezing that happens frequently
  • Itchy, watery eyes
  • Itchy sensations in the nose, throat, or ears
  • Nasal congestion without any fever
  • Dark circles under the eyes (often called “allergic shiners”)

Unlike colds, allergy symptoms can last for weeks or as long as your child is exposed to the allergen.

The Role of North Carolina’s Climate

In North Carolina, winter allergies can be a real issue due to several factors:

  • Indoor allergens like pet dander and dust mites, especially as children spend more time indoors.
  • Mold from damp areas in homes or from decaying leaves outside.
  • Mild winter weather that can trigger early pollen production.

These elements mean that children may experience allergy symptoms even during the colder months.

Key Differences to Watch For

To tell the difference between a cold and allergies, focus on these clues:

  • Fever: Colds sometimes cause low-grade fevers, while allergies do not.
  • Nasal Discharge: Colds often involve thick, yellow or green mucus, while allergies produce clear and watery nasal discharge.
  • Duration: Colds typically last 7-10 days, whereas allergies can linger for weeks or longer if exposure continues.
  • Itchy Eyes and Nose: Itching is a hallmark of allergies and is rare with colds.

When to Call Your Pediatrician

If you’re unsure about your child’s symptoms, don’t hesitate to reach out to your pediatrician. You should also seek medical advice if:

  • Your child develops a high fever (above 100.4°F) or their symptoms worsen.
  • Symptoms persist for more than 10 days.
  • You suspect allergies and want to explore treatment options or testing.

Managing Seasonal Allergies

If allergies are the problem, here are some ways to help your child feel better:

  • Use a saline nasal spray to rinse allergens from their nasal passages.
  • Keep windows closed and use an air purifier indoors.
  • Wash your child’s hands and change their clothes after playing outside.
  • Discuss over-the-counter antihistamines or other medications with your pediatrician.

Understanding whether your child’s symptoms are from a cold or allergies can make a big difference in how you treat them. If you’re ever in doubt, contact your pediatrician for guidance. We’re here to help keep your child healthy and comfortable year-round.

At Holly Springs Pediatrics, we’re here to support your family’s health all year round. If you have any questions or concerns about your child’s skin, give us a call. We’re happy to help you find the best ways to keep your little one comfortable and healthy this season.

Holly Springs Pediatrics is committed to providing quality care to your kids at all times on a wide array of subjects. For more information or to get in contact with our office, call (919) 249-4700 to schedule an appointment.